MIST
Magnetosphere, Ionosphere and Solar-Terrestrial
Latest articles
- 2026 MIST Council Election Results
- Do Solar Energetic Particle events impact lower-atmospheric temperatures on Mars?
- How Can Turbulence Improve Space Weather Forecasts?
- Regression to the mean can explain saturation of geomagnetic storms
- Temporal Variability of Saturn's H2 Dayglow and Northern Aurora Observed by Hisaki and Cassini
Latest news
2026 MIST Council Election Results
It is our pleasure to announce the results of the latest MIST Council Election.
- Samuel Wharton (University of Leicester) is elected for a 3 year term as a MIST Councillor
- Jewel Abbey Relampagos (Lancaster University) is elected for a 1 year term as the MIST Student Representative
In addition, due to concerns from the community regarding the ongoing UKRI/STFC funding situation, MIST Council have also decided to charter Mark Lester (University of Leicester) as an additional councillor to inform and steer the council in matters related to this specific brief, as set out in Article 4.5 of the MIST Charter.
We would like to congratulate everyone on their new roles. The full composition of Council can be found on the MIST website (https://www.mist.ac.uk/community/mist-council). We would like to thank all the candidates for putting themselves forward and everyone who took part in the voting. We received votes from 132 people which represents a turnout of 21.5% of people registered to receive the MIST emailing list.
Finally, MIST Council would like to extend their thanks and gratitude to our outgoing members: Fiona Ball and Georgios Nicolaou. We would also like to say a special thank you to Andy Smith who was co-opted to be on MIST council while Rosie Johnson was on maternity leave, thank you for all of your hard work.
Open Letter Ready For Signatories
Protect MIST Science! Sign the MIST Community Open Letter on the STFC funding cuts!
https://sites.google.com/view/uk-mist-community-open-letter
Statement from MIST Council regarding the STFC Funding Situation
Statement from MIST Council regarding the STFC Funding Situation
MIST Council is deeply concerned by the ongoing STFC funding uncertainty and its impact on our community and beyond.
The current combination of prospective delayed and reduced funding, together with already volatile financial situations at universities across the UK, is placing significant strain on research groups. In some cases, institutions may be unable to support researchers through gaps between projects, increasing precarity across the community and adding significant pressure on early-career researchers.
We are concerned that continued uncertainty risks accelerating a brain drain from the UK, as skilled researchers reconsider their future in a system offering limited stability. The loss of expertise at any career stage would have lasting consequences for UK space science.
What is going on?
For those that are unaware of the situation, it is complex and evolving. We suggest the following sources to get up to speed on the current developments.
https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/news/proposed-budget-cuts-catastrophe-uk-astronomy
What are we doing about it?
Behind the scenes, MIST Council is actively engaging with relevant parties to understand the scale of the challenge and to identify constructive ways forward.
- We are seeking seasoned members of the community to join MIST Council on a task force to help develop options and represent the needs of our community. If you would like to be involved, please reach out to us via the MIST Council email (This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.) by the end of this week (13th February 2026).
- In addition to the task force, we want to provide an open forum for discussion and collective input among all members of the wider MIST community. We are exploring options and will be in touch as soon as possible with further details.
- We believe in working together in the face of the current challenges and we are collaborating with UKSP and others to strive for a fair and positive outcome for all. We are reaching out to members of the SSAP (Solar System Advisory Panel) to explore the hosting of a community town hall meeting, like the one already being organised by the AAP (Astronomy Advisory Panel), to provide an open forum for discussion and collective input.
What can you do to help?
There are several open letters representing people in various career stages that have been made available to sign. We encourage you to read the relevant letter(s) and to sign them if you support them:
- Fellowship Holders: https://advancedfellows-openletter-stfc.github.io/index.html
- Early Career Researchers: https://ecr-openletter-stfc.github.io/
The Royal Astronomical Society are also urging Fellows to lobby their MPs against the cuts, and have included a template letter that can be used to do so:
https://ras.ac.uk/news-and-press/news/ras-fellows-urged-lobby-against-unprecedented-cuts
MIST Council will continue to advocate for transparency, stability, and funding structures that recognise both the long-term nature of our science and the people who deliver it.
We thank you for your continued support in this period of uncertainty.
Please contact This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. if you have further suggestions.
MIST Council
Announcement of New MIST Council 2025
We are very pleased to announce the following members of the community have been elected to MIST Council:
- Gemma Bower (University of Leicester), MIST Councillor
- Tom Elsden (University of St Andrews), MIST Councillor
- Cameron Patterson (Lancaster University), MIST Councillor
- Fiona Ball (University of Southampton), Student Representative
They will begin their terms in July 2025.
We thank outgoing MIST Council members: Maria Walach, Chiara Lazzeri and Emma Woodfield. Andy Smith will remain on council a little longer as a co-opted member to cover Rosie Johnson's maternity leave.
The current composition of Council can be found on our website (https://www.mist.ac.uk/community/mist-council).
Announcement of New MIST Councillors.
We are very pleased to announce the following members of the community have been elected unopposed to MIST Council:
- Rosie Johnson (Aberystwyth University), MIST Councillor
- Matthew Brown (University of Birmingham), MIST Councillor
- Chiara Lazzeri (MSSL, UCL), Student Representative
Rosie, Matthew, and Chiara will begin their terms in July. This will coincide with Jasmine Kaur Sandhu, Beatriz Sanchez-Cano, and Sophie Maguire outgoing as Councillors.
The current composition of Council can be found on our website, and this will be amended in July to reflect this announcement (https://www.mist.ac.uk/community/mist-council).
Regression to the mean can explain saturation of geomagnetic storms
Regression to the mean can explain saturation of geomagnetic storms
By Maria-Theresia Walach (Lancaster University)
submitted on behalf of Nithin Sivadas (Goddard Space Flight Center/Catholic University of America)
The strength of the solar wind that ‘drives’ (transfers energy to) the magnetosphere is different from the measurements made by satellites at L1, upstream of the magnetosphere. This difference is due to random errors resulting from substantial uncertainty in the timing, evolution and structure of the solar wind. We questioned the premise on which the saturation theories were constructed, and wondered whether there is reliable evidence that the saturation effect is real. We therefore set out to understand and calculate how uncertainty in the input of a system (in this case, the solar wind) affects inferences from data about the response of the system (Earth).
Using data from the Wind, THEMIS, MMS, DoubleStar and Cluster spacecraft, we found that random errors in the reported strength of the solar wind that strikes Earth depend on the strength of the solar wind, which has a log normal probability distribution. We used a Monte Carlo error model to calculate the probable ‘true’ value behind each measurement of solar-wind strength. Unexpectedly, we found a saturation of these true values as the measurement values increased, which is similar to the effect observed in the data (Fig. 1a). In other words, the true value regresses to the mean and away from the measurement, owing to the nature of the random error and statistical properties of the solar-wind strength. Correcting for uncertainties in timing and magnitude reveals that the Earth’s response in the polar PCI index to solar wind driving is linear throughout, which means driving of the magnetospheric system can be twice as large as previously thought for extreme geomagnetic storms (Fig. 1b).
References:
Main paper: Sivadas, N., Sibeck, D., Subramanyan, V., Walach, M.-T., Ozturk, D. S., Ferdousi, B., Michotte de Welle, B., Regression to the mean can explain saturation of geomagnetic storms. Nature 655, 1143–1147 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10757-4. https://rdcu.be/fwSqV
For the interested reader, we recommend the Extended Data and Figures sections and the Supplementary Information section, which hold a large proportion of content for this paper. For a quick synopsis, we recommend the editorial summary below.
Research briefing: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-02245-6
See publication for more details:
Sivadas, N., Sibeck, D., Subramanyan, V., Walach, M.-T., Ozturk, D. S., Ferdousi, B., Michotte de Welle, B., Regression to the mean can explain saturation of geomagnetic storms. Nature 655, 1143–1147 (2026). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10757-4. https://rdcu.be/fwSqV and Research Briefing, https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-02245-6
Uncertainty in measurements of solar wind explains the observed saturation of geomagnetic activity. a, Observations from 1995 to 2019 (green) indicate that, on average, the polar cap index (EPC, a measure of Earth’s geomagnetic response to solar wind) saturates at measurements of large solar-wind strength (E*m). The result of our statistical approach, the Monte Carlo error model (pink), predicts the same saturation effect arising from uncertainty in the measurement of solar wind transferring energy to Earth’s magnetosphere, rather than a physical mechanism. X* and X are measured and ‘true’ solar-wind strengths from the error model. b, Correcting the effect of random errors in values of solar-wind strength shows that Earth’s geomagnetic response is linear (pink), where Ecm is the corrected solar-wind strength. Credit: Sivadas, N. et al./Nature (CC BY 4.0) (https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-026-02245-6)